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Disease risks and other issues related to poor digestive health.

A Probiotic Solution For Long COVID

A Probiotic Solution For Long COVID

Could taking a multi-species probiotic improve symptoms of Long COVID?

 

We ask this question because the chances are very good that you know someone who has experienced Long COVID.

More than 25 percent of the 134 million Americans who contracted COVID-19 had experienced symptoms of Long COVID, according to Census Bureau data.

Nearly 10 percent of those patients were still struggling with the very same collection of Long COVID symptoms, including brain fog, extreme fatigue, cognitive challenges, insomnia, depression and gastrointestinal problems.

Some of these Long COVID symptoms are connected to the health of your gut and the depletion of beneficial bacteria.

So, is it possible that a probiotic targeted with specific species of bacteria makes a real difference in treating Long COVID symptoms?

The multi-species advantage

Scientists at the Chinese University of Hong Kong addressed this probiotic possibility in a study that tracked the health of 463 patients experiencing Long COVID symptoms for six months.

A group of 232 patients were treated twice daily with a probiotic formulated with three strains of beneficial bacteria from the Bifidobacterium family along with three prebiotic compounds while a second group received a placebo containing starch and a low dose of vitamin C.

(Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium bifidum are two of the key building block strains of beneficial bacteria contained in EndoMune Advanced Probiotic.)

Patients completed questionnaires that documented 14 symptoms of Long COVID and provided stool samples before the study began and after it ended.

Among those who received probiotics, a majority of them experienced welcome improvements in their Long COVID symptoms in all categories, highlighted by alleviations in memory loss, concentration problems, fatigue and general unwellness, as well as increases in bacterial diversity.

Planning for the future

With changes coming in the CDC pipeline that would further loosen COVID isolation recommendations to match those for flu and RSV, it’s more important than ever to protect your immune health.

One of the best things you can do to keep your immune system running as it should be is to protect the diversity of bacteria in your gut which means taking a probiotic, ideally with multiple strains of beneficial bacteria like EndoMune.

By the way, fortifying your immune health is only one of many benefits you’ll get by taking a probiotic. Check out our 5 Reasons Why You Need a Probiotic article to get a handle on the many reasons why taking a multi-strain probiotic like EndoMune is good for many more health reasons.

Resources

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

USAFacts

UCLA Health

Forbes

NewScientist

Washington Post

A Probiotic Solution For Long COVID Read More »

Your Gut Needs Water

Your Gut Needs Water

Summary: Drinking lots of clean, fresh water is good for the health of your body and your gut.

There’s not a day that goes by without someone somewhere reminding us about the importance of drinking clean, fresh water for our good health.

This certainly makes sense. As much water as you consume every day, your body is using and losing large amounts of it for vital things like breathing, protecting your skin, transporting waste and toxins out of your system and maintaining your muscle strength.

But experts neglect to remind us about why water is so important for maintaining our good gut health. Here’s a few things to think about.

Absorption: Drinking water improves how your body breaks down food and absorbs the nutrients it needs.

Constipation: The presence of water in your digestive tract keeps your stools softer, preventing constipation.

Your diet: Eating foods containing high amounts of water — such as cucumbers, watermelon, oranges and strawberries — can be a great way to keep up with the water your body and gut needs.

Dehydration: In some cases, your body will lose more fluids than you’re taking in when suffering from acute diarrhea and vomiting, another reason to ensure you’re consuming enough water to maintain good health.

Did you know the source of the water you drink may influence the health of your gut too?

The best water for your gut?

An interesting finding from a 2022 study taken from data collected by the American Gut Project on 3,000 patients in the UK and America concluded that the source of the water you drink (tap, well, filtered or bottled) may have some influence on the makeup of your gut microbiome.

Compared to filtered, tap or bottled water, patients who drank well water had greater fecal microbial diversity, considered an important measuring stick of good gut health.

For example, patients who drank well water had lower amounts of bacteria from the Odoribacter family that is associated with gut-related health issues and problems with stool consistency and the Bacteroides family that is linked to a less diverse microbiome.

This direct benefit to the gut sounds great until you look at the numbers away from the study that really matter. For one, only 15 percent of Americans (43 million) have access to well water, according to the EPA.

What’s more, having access to well water is no guarantee that the water is safe to drink. Flooding and other environmental problems can also allow toxic substances to leech into well water, exposing you to high amounts of arsenic, nitrites and chemicals from fertilizers that certainly aren’t safe.

If your main source of drinking water comes from a well, experts recommend that you have it tested once a year to monitor those chemicals.

The fact remains that your water intake goes hand-in-hand with good gut health, but the good news here is that you don’t need access to well water to improve it.

The safest and most effective way to protect the health and diversity of your gut is also the simplest, if you take a probiotic formulated with multiple strains of beneficial bacteria like those found in EndoMune Advanced Probiotic every day with a glass of clean, fresh water.

Resources

Journal of Nutrition

Gut Microbiota For Health

WebMD

Healthline

Mayo Clinic

Well+Good

Cleveland Clinic

EPA

Your Gut Needs Water Read More »

IBS + Fibromyalgia + Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

IBS + Fibromyalgia + Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Summary: The gut-brain link between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is very real.

Several months ago, we discussed the genuine link between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and disruptions in the gut-brain axis.

It’s hard to deny that connection, given that IBS patients experienced greater symptoms of depression and anxiety at rates more than double the norm compared to those without IBS.

Apparently, this same research team from the University of Missouri was just getting started in finding connections with IBS…

The painful link

A second look at data collected from more than 1.2 million IBS patients at 4,000 American hospitals yielded new connections with fibromyalgia, a condition punctuated by widespread and intense musculoskeletal pain, fatigue and cognitive problems, as well as chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).

IBS patients were five times more likely to experience symptoms of fibromyalgia than those who weren’t dealing with IBS, according to the study appearing in the medical journal Biomedicines. Also, CFS was more prevalent among IBS patients, but not at as high a rate as fibromyalgia.

One interesting quirk in this analysis sheds light on younger people experiencing more gut-related problems than ever before: IBS patients with fibromyalgia or CFS were more likely to be younger compared than others dealing solely with IBS.

Also, the ever-present problems we face with the epidemic of obesity along with hypertension elevated the risks that IBS patients would face CFS or fibromyalgia too.

The why

When asked how fibromyalgia or chronic fatigue syndrome could “piggyback” with IBS to create new and painful challenges, scientists pointed to two very familiar culprits that create gut health problems:

  • Antibiotic use leads to bacterial imbalances in a patient’s microbiome.
  • Breakdowns in the gut wall allow waste products, toxic substances and other nasties to seep through the intestinal barrier and into your bloodstream, a condition better known as leaky gut.

Fortunately, the same non-drug solution for treating IBS — probiotics — is also a solution that has garnered some success in treating patients with fibromyalgia and CFS, according to a previous report. But not any probiotic will do.

If you really want to protect and improve the health of your gut, you’ll need a probiotic featuring multiple strains of beneficial bacteria that support the healthy microbial diversity of your gut.

Any probiotic you consider should also contain a prebiotic, the unsung heroes of gut health made of carbohydrates and non-digestible plant fibers that feed the good bacteria in your gut.

You can achieve both of your gut-healthy goals with EndoMune Advanced Probiotic, formulated with 10 strains of beneficial bacteria from Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus families, plus the proven probiotic FOS.

Resources

Biomedicines

Futurity

Medscape

HCP Live

IBS + Fibromyalgia + Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Read More »

Could Probiotics Protect You From COVID?

Could Probiotics Protect You From COVID?

Summary: Probiotics may provide extra protection to unvaccinated people after exposure to COVID to delay infections and reduce their symptoms.

Since the beginning of the COVID era, medical science has acknowledged the connection between this serious respiratory disease and a person’s gut health.

Often, gut dysbiosis — disruptions in the healthy balance of bacteria in your gut — have been the focal point in studies that link your health to COVID.

Not so long ago, we learned how probiotics can do a lot of good to alleviate common symptoms for patients already suffering from Long COVID.

The benefits of probiotics may also extend to people exposed to COVID who haven’t received a vaccine, according to findings recently published in Clinical Nutrition.

Protection before a vaccine

Recognizing how effective probiotics were in relieving respiratory infections, researchers at Duke University and the University of North Carolina launched a study prior to the widespread release of vaccines in 2020 to test the protective effective of probiotics on the unvaccinated who had been exposed to COVID.

Half of the 182 patients took a probiotic containing a proprietary strain of Lactobacillus while the rest received a placebo daily for four weeks.

No surprise, those who took a probiotic were 60 percent less likely to develop COVID symptoms even after exposure to the disease compared to those in the placebo group and were able to protect themselves from contracting COVID for a longer time.

And, probiotic patients had more significant remnants of beneficial bacteria in stool samples taken 70 and 85 days after the initial trial too.

Although the study’s sample size was small (due to the rapid development of vaccines), scientists were very encouraged about the results yet not surprised by them, says Dr. Paul Wischmeyer, co-lead author on the study.

“While limited in sample size, our study lends credence to the notion that our symbiotic microbes can be valuable partners in the fight against COVID-19 and potentially other future pandemic diseases.

So, if you’ve been lax about staying up-to-date on your COVID vaccine schedule — less than 20 percent have received updated vaccines according to the CDC — you may want to consider getting some extra protection by taking a probiotic like EndoMune Advanced Probiotic, formulated with multiple strains of beneficial bacteria and a prebiotic that feeds the beneficial bacteria in your gut.

Advisory note

For the most up-to-date advisories on COVID-19, visit the CDC website at https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html.

Resources

Clinical Nutrition

Duke Health/News and Media

Washington Post

Could Probiotics Protect You From COVID? Read More »

Safe to use Probiotics to help treat type 2 diabetes.

Probiotics: An Effective Treatment For Type 2 Diabetes?

Summary: Is it safe and helpful to take a probiotic if you’re coping with type 2 diabetes? This survey of studies gives a thumbs-up to probiotics!


As the epidemic of metabolic syndrome continues in America — thanks to a Western lifestyle that can kill you faster than smoking — the number of Americans dealing with type 2 diabetes is growing by the day.

Among the 38 million Americans who currently suffer from diabetes, roughly 90 percent of them are dealing with type 2 diabetes. (An alarming 22 percent don’t even know they have diabetes at all!)

You can do plenty of things to manage your health if you have type 2 diabetes, from diversifying your diet to include more unprocessed whole foods to finding more time during day to get moving with some form of exercise.

Researchers have also learned so much about how an unbalanced gut microbiome affects many aspects of human health, including how it creates many challenges for type 2 diabetes patients trying to regulate their blood sugar.

If you or a loved one is struggling with managing type 2 diabetes, taking a probiotic should be at the top of your to-do list too, based on a recent review of 33 studies appearing in Nutrients.

Nearly two-thirds of the studies Canadian researchers reviewed reported improvements in at least one measurement related to glycemic levels while taking a probiotic.

In addition, nearly half of those reports cited improvements in lipid levels after taking a probiotic. That’s very important given that elevated levels of LDL lipoproteins can greatly raise one’s risks of cardiovascular diseases.

Also, the benefits of multi-strain probiotics formulated with strains from the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium families really stuck out with 16 studies reporting improvements in at least one glycemic measurement.

This makes sense given that the Bifidobacterium family enhances the production of healthy fatty acids and the digestion of fiber while promoting immune health and the Lactobacillus family assists the protection of the barrier lining the gut.

Finally, probiotics also worked very well with metformin, a go-to drug prescribed for type 2 diabetics, enriching the composition of gut bacteria, decreasing insulin resistance and increasing the abundance of beneficial short chain fatty acids (SCFAs).

While there’s much more research to be done, there’s little doubt that probiotics, especially those formulated with multiple strains of bacteria like EndoMune Advanced Probiotic, can be a boon to the health of type 2 diabetes patients.

Resources

Nutrients

News-Medical.net/Life Sciences

CDC

Mayo Clinic

Medline Plus

Probiotics: An Effective Treatment For Type 2 Diabetes? Read More »

Can Probiotics Improve Your Blood Pressure

Can Probiotics Improve Your Blood Pressure?

Summary: Probiotics may be helpful in lowering your blood pressure.


Nearly half of all American adults suffer from high blood pressure/hypertension for a lot of reasons, including consuming more sugar and salt from highly processed foods in their diets than ever before.

There are many ways to treat hypertension/blood pressure from simple lifestyle changes (getting more sleep, eating a less salty diet, incorporating more movement via exercise and maintaining a healthy weight) to taking medicines.

Unfortunately, many people rely solely on medications to help them manage their elevated blood pressure but 20 percent of all patients won’t respond to them at all, even when using multiple drugs.

Recent studies we’ve shared have shown how hypertension and your gut health are linked in very interesting ways with some medication combinations worsening blood pressure symptoms.

So, we weren’t surprised to learn that a multi-species probiotic formulated with strains from the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium families was responsible for lowering blood pressure numbers to normal levels, according to a recent study appearing in mSystems.

Multi-species probiotics for the win!

A team of Chinese researchers tested the benefits of multi-strain probiotics on hypertension in a study with mice fed water mixed with sugar that had elevated their blood pressures to unhealthy levels.

Over 16 weeks, scientists compared blood pressure readings of test animals that received a probiotic containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium lactis to a group of mice that didn’t receive one and a control group fed water without sugar.

(These two strains of beneficial bacteria are among the building block species featured in EndoMune Advanced Probiotic.)

The most interesting finding from the report: Blood pressure levels among mice treated with a multi-strain probiotic were healthy and no different than mice only fed water. Also, scientists identified gut bacteria signatures in probiotic mice that were typical among people with lower pressures.

The results were so positive that this research team is planning a larger clinical trial to discover if these same probiotic benefits hold up for humans.

We expect to hear similar rave reviews for probiotics, given the results of a recent study touting the benefits of prebiotics lowering blood pressure levels among people equal to that of blood pressure medications.

Just another reason that taking a probiotic with multiple strains of beneficial bacteria and a prebiotic like EndoMune can make a world of difference to your health and your gut, the center of your immune system

References

mSystems

American Society For Microbiology

CDC

Mayo Clinic

Can Probiotics Improve Your Blood Pressure? Read More »

8 steps to protect yourself from the flu

8 Easy Steps to Protect Yourself From The Flu

8 Easy Steps to Protect Yourself From The Flu

 

Are you far from ready for the 2023-24 flu season? These easy-to-follow steps can go a long, long way to protect you.

 

With the extreme heat of the summer finally fading away and the kids getting back to school, the CDC has already begun its annual campaign of dos and don’ts for the 2023-24 flu season.

 

That’s no surprise, considering last year’s unique “tripledemic” problems with the flu, RSV and the recent strains of COVID-19. What’s more, we may experience an earlier-than-usual flu season that may peak sooner just like last year, according to experts at Johns Hopkins.

 

The good news: Many of you are more prepared than usual, and have already scheduled appointments to get vaccinated for the flu, COVID-19 and RSV.

 

But keeping current on vaccines alone won’t protect you and your family entirely from the flu or any other respiratory virus. Fortunately, there’s a lot more you can do to protect your health from the flu. Here are 8 steps that can help you do just that!

 

Follow these 8 steps to protect your family from the flu

 

  1. Avoid close contact with people who are sick. (Do your part to protect your loved ones if you’re sick by keeping your distance too.)
  2. Wash your hands often with plain soap and water thoroughly for at least 20 seconds. (When you can’t access soap and water, use a hand sanitizer formulated with at least 70 percent isopropyl alcohol.)
  3. Do your best to keep surfaces at work and home as clean as you can. (The flu virus can live on hard surfaces for a long while, according to the Mayo Clinic.)
  4. Get the right amount of sleep you need every night. (Sleep is one of the easiest and best things you can do to stay healthy!)
  5. Don’t even think about asking your family doctor for an antibiotic to treat a case of the flu. (It’s completely unnecessary if you follow these steps.)
  6. Drink plenty of water. (Don’t overdo it with caffeine-heavy drinks like coffee, carbonated beverages and energy drinks.)
  7. Keep moving by incorporating some form of exercise in your daily routine. (Even walking makes a difference!)
  8. Pay close attention to your emotions and stress levels, and give yourself the gift of free time every day. (Stepping away from the world for just 30 minutes of peace and quiet helps.)

 

All of these simple steps also serve one very important purpose: Protecting the health of your gut, the center of your immune system. We also know that life can get in the way of the best-laid plans, especially during the busy fall and winter months when the flu and other bugs are swimming around us.

That’s why we remind you to take a probiotic, ideally containing multiple strains of proven, beneficial bacteria along with a prebiotic that feeds the good bacteria in your gut like EndoMune Advanced Probiotic.

 

 

 

Resources

AARP

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

CDC

Cleveland Clinic

 

 

 

8 Easy Steps to Protect Yourself From The Flu Read More »

Hand holding a magnifying glass over an illustration of the digestive system.

Your Gut Health and Colon Cancer Risks

Your Gut Health and Colon Cancer Risks

Colon cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosis and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the U.S.

What’s really worrisome is the steep rise in younger colon cancer patients under age 50. In fact, the number of colon cancer patients under age 55 has nearly doubled to 20 percent over the past decade and more people have died from it, according to recent numbers compiled by the Yale School of Medicine.

Many factors associated with colon cancer — from a diet full of processed foods to a sedentary lifestyle — can exert a lot of influence on your microbiome in ways that could make it easier for precancerous polyps to grow in your colon, according to a new study appearing in Cell Host & Microbe.

 

How Polyps Develop In Your Colon

Researchers at Harvard Medical School believe poor diets and sedentary lifestyles (plus tobacco and alcohol use) promote the growth of polyps via your gut in two ways:

  1. The diversity of your microbiome changes in ways that stimulate polyp growth due to external lifestyle factors.
  2. Lifestyle factors promote polyp growth directly which influences the microbiome by affecting the cells lining your gut.

They came to these conclusions after examining data collected on the health of 1,200 patients receiving routine colonoscopy screenings, including diet, medication use, lifestyles and stool samples.

Their goal: Analyzing differences in gut bacteria signatures between those who had no evidence of polyps versus those who were diagnosed with two kinds of polyps (tubular adenomas or sessile serrated adenomas).

Overall, 27 bacterial species significantly differed between patients with both sets of polyps and healthy patients.

What comes next for researchers: Isolating those bacterial species to determine the functional relationships between them and polyp growth in the lab.

But there’s a lot you can do to lower your colon risks long before that next study is published…

 

Follow This Checklist To Lower Your Colon Cancer Risks!

  • Clean up your diet by eating more nutrient-dense whole foods full of fiber and natural sugars.
  • Take antibiotics only when you absolutely need them and as prescribed by your doctor.
  • Get off the couch and carve out a few minutes each day for exercise.
  • Protect the healthy balance of bacteria in your gut — the center of your immune system — by taking a probiotic formulated with multiple strains of beneficial bacteria and a proven prebiotic like EndoMune Advanced Probiotic.

 

Resources

Cell Host & Microbe

Harvard Medical School

American Cancer Society

Mayo Clinic

CDC

Yale School of Medicine

Your Gut Health and Colon Cancer Risks Read More »

Profile view of a woman. Text reads: "How Antibiotic Use Harms Breast Cancer Patients"

How Antibiotic Use Harms Breast Cancer Patients

How Antibiotic Use Harms Breast Cancer Patients

Over the past few years, we’ve learned how an unbalanced gut creates far more health challenges, especially when breast cancer is involved.

In some cases, scientists have shown how gut health imbalances can reprogram healthy mast cells (immune cells in healthy breast tissue) that allow cancer to spread to other parts of the human body.

Unfortunately, the most effective disruptor of the human gut — antibiotics — exerts its own problematic effect on your body’s immune system to fight breast cancer and it may be linked to an increased risk of death, according to a recent study appearing in Nature Communications.

 

Lower Survival Rates

Scientists at Stanford University monitored the health of 772 women over at least a five-year period from 2000-14 with triple-negative breast cancer (a form of the disease that’s rare, but more aggressive and harder to treat).

Patients treated with antimicrobials (a class of drugs that includes antibiotics to fight infections) were more likely to have decreased amounts of lymphocytes (immune cells in their bloodstreams).

Stanford researchers believe those lower numbers of lymphocytes and the use of antimicrobials are tied to health-harming disruptions in the balance of gut bacteria that could shorten a breast cancer patient’s life.

Interestingly, mortality rates differ between woman never took antimicrobials (20 percent) and those who did (23 percent). What really increased the risk of death was the total number of drugs prescribed to each patient and the amount of exposure from a wider variety of drugs (tetracycline or amoxycillin).

This risk of death due to exposure to antimicrobials lasted about three years after a diagnosis and gradually decreased over the final two years.

 

The Probiotics Effect

Some very important data that’s missing from this Stanford study: Comparing individual gut microbiomes through fecal samples, something that will be addressed in a future study that addresses gut health, antibiotic use and long-term cancer survival.

We hope researchers will also examine the proven and very beneficial effect that multi-strain probiotics, like EndoMune Advanced Probiotic with 30 BILLION bacterial allies, have on protecting a patient’s gut health while taking an antibiotic.

 

References

Nature Communications

Stanford Medicine News Center

Tech Explorist

Medical NewsToday

How Antibiotic Use Harms Breast Cancer Patients Read More »

Woman turned around with a cancer ribbon in the foreground of the photograph. Text says "fighting melanoma with probiotics"

Fighting Melanoma With Probiotics

Fighting Melanoma With Probiotics

Despite all of the attention we pay to other deadly forms of cancer — breast, colon, lung and prostate — melanoma should be near the top of that list too.

Melanoma makes up just 1 percent of all skin cancers, yet it is responsible for the vast majority of skin cancer deaths. What’s more, just like colon cancer, the incidence of melanoma has jumped dramatically and become more common among young people.

In recent years, we’ve learned how the state of a patient’s gut health plays a critical role in a growing number of cancers, sometimes due to the harmful use of antibiotics.

Lately, we’ve also seen how the beneficial mix of bacteria and prebiotics contained in probiotics can do a lot of good, including these latest findings from the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) on the use of probiotics combined with diet to boost the effectiveness of immunotherapy.

 

From Gut To Tumor

UPMC scientists knew that the gut was a critical factor in cancer immunotherapy (helping the body’s immune system find and eliminate cancer cells) for some patients, but not all. Yet some recent studies have found that melanoma patients benefitted from probiotic use during the immunotherapy phase of their treatments.

A research team led by senior author Dr. Marlies Meisel took a very important next step by figuring out how the beneficial bacteria in probiotics get the job done by stimulating immune cells directly in tumors with the help of diet in a study appearing in the medical journal Cell.

When Dr. Meisel and her team fed Lactobacillus reuteri to germ-free mice with melanoma, they were able to track to movement of that beneficial bacteria from the gut straight to the tumors.

Compared to a control group that never received beneficial bacteria, the tiny bodies of mice that were dosed with probiotics stimulated more potent T cells at the site of tumors by secreting a compound (I3A).

Also, when scientists supplemented the diets of probiotic mice with tryptophan (an amino acid common in chicken, oatmeal and nuts), that beneficial bacteria converted it to I3A, further strengthening the effect of immunotherapy on slowing down tumor growth and keeping those animals alive longer.

The benefits of probiotics weren’t limited to melanoma either. Probiotics moved beyond the gut to suppress the growth of other cancers including breast cancer in other mouse models.

“I think it’s empowering for patients that they could make these changes themselves — after careful clinical consideration — and have some control over their treatment journey,” says Dr. Meisel.

 

Safer Approaches For Treating Cancer

Fortunately, this isn’t the first documented case of tiny gut microbes making a difference in the treatment of melanoma.

In a similar study involving mice, prebiotics worked in very similar ways to stimulate the growth of immune cells, slow the growth of melanoma and help the gut to develop more anti-tumor immunity.

This recent report adds to the legacy of probiotics as a safe, non-drug approach to fortify the human gut, the center of one’s immune system.

Want to give your immune system a much-needed boost by taking probiotics?

Consider EndoMune Advanced Probiotics, formulated with 10 vital strains of beneficial bacteria from the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium families — at least 30 billion bacterial allies and a probiotic (FOS) that feeds your gut.

 

Resources

Cell

University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC)

National Cancer Institute

Cleveland Clinic

 

 

Fighting Melanoma With Probiotics Read More »

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